The formation of a strategy for Russia’s spatial development involves a full-scale account of “tectonic shifts” in the modern world order and related geopolitical contradictions and challenges. The purpose of the article is to take stock of the multidimensional manifestations of the consideration of the geopolitical factor in the “Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025”, as well as in the “Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030”, to highlight the remaining problematic areas in the domestic spatial development strategy, as well as promising directions for its correction, taking into account the dynamics of global changes. In particular, the need to ensure a combination of the currently dominant “centralist” (federal) approaches with greater consideration of regional (municipal) specifics, as well as the ethnogeographic factor, is emphasized. The geopolitical expediency of combining the “shift” to the East and South with ensuring the actual multi-vector spatial development of Russia is shown. The necessity of shifting the emphasis from “geostrategic territories” in favor of multi-scale problem-target zoning, linked to the expansion and consolidation of the network of reference settlements, identified, inter alia, in connection with the ethnogeographic features and geopolitical interests of the country, is substantiated.

The development of support settlements has been proclaimed as one of the priority directions of spatial development in Russia. Currently the state is working on legal and methodological support for the creation of support settlements, a list of more than 2 thousand settlements has been formed. Long-term plans for the socio-economic development of key settlements are being developed in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Long-term plans for the integrated socio-economic development of 22 agglomerations and cities located in the Far Eastern Federal District, as well as a list of key settlements in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, have been approved. The regulations on the Unified List of Reference Settlements are incorporated into the Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 with a forecast up to 2036. These processes have highlighted a number of problems in the field under consideration, so the concept of anchor settlements needs further elaboration, theoretical understanding, analysis of information on the practical implementation of this tool and the appropriate regulatory consolidation of the necessary innovations.

The expert and scientific communities are actively discussing the draft of the new (updated) strategy for spatial development of the Russian Federation. In order for this discussion to be fruitful, it is important to assess the capabilities of the existing and tested in Russian conditions spatial development tools and mechanisms of infrastructure support for regions. It is important to assess the results of their functioning in terms of the goals facing spatial development as a whole. The article provides a description of the main spatial development tools that provide infrastructure support for the socio-economic development of regions: state programs (primarily individual programs for the socio-economic development of regions), preferential regimes (special economic zones, territories of advanced socio-economic development, the Free Port of Vladivostok, the Special Administrative Region, the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation), as well as a set of mechanisms included in the Infrastructure Menu project (infrastructure budget loans, special treasury loans, DOM.RF infrastructure bonds). The results of the mechanisms used and the dynamics of their distribution in Russia are considered using the example of the implementation of individual programs and projects.

After 2021, there has been an alarming downward trend in the profitability of agricultural production, which negatively affects the investment attractiveness of the industry and creates risks for its growth in the medium term. In addition, as the analysis conducted in the article shows, there is a significant differentiation in the profitability of agriculture by regions of the country, large and small farms, as well as by individual sub-sectors of agricultural production. The task of creating equal income-generating conditions in agriculture with other industries is one of the main tasks of agricultural policy. A significant factor determining the decrease in profitability of agricultural enterprises is outstripping growth (disparity) the prices of resources and services for agriculture compared to the prices of agricultural products. The author of the article suggests a number of measures to mitigate this disparity.

The revenues of all components of the Russian budget system showed positive growth rates in January-September 2024. Revenues to the federal budget have increased most significantly, both from oil and gas and non-oil and gas revenues. The pronounced dependence of federal budget revenues on world oil prices remains, provoking the budget execution risks.  The growth rate of revenues of the consolidated (enlarged) budget of the country lagged behind the growth of federal budget revenues, but outpaced the rate of inflation. The excess of last year’s values in real terms occurred both in terms of tax revenues, social insurance premiums and other taxes and fees. Compared to last year, the receipts of practically all taxes have increased. The exception is budget revenues from corporate income tax, which have decreased even by nominal values. Regional budget revenues increased only in nominal terms. Here, against the background of nominal growth of own income, there was an absolute reduction in intergovernmantal transfers. The drop in regional budget revenues from corporate income tax in many regions of the Russian Federation was not offset by an increase in personal income tax revenues. The dynamics of expenditures of the components of the budget system in the first 9 months of the year also outstripped inflation.

Multiple voting shares are a relatively new financial instrument for the global financial market and a completely new one for the Russian one, which is confirmed by the fact that in Russia the regulatory regulation of multiple voting shares appeared in 2022 and so far only for international companies. In view of this, a set of reasons is of interest, encouraging financial market regulators to allow the circulation of multiple voting shares. This article focuses on dissecting the factors that contribute to the use of multiple voting shares in the financial market, with the goal of exploring their potential for addressing strategic challenges in the Russian economy. Identifying four blocks of reasons is essential for achieving this goal, including financial, spatial, technological, and corporate factors. The largest block is formed by corporate reasons related to risk management in the implementation of the company's financial policy and the formation of invested capital. The block of financial reasons is related to the need to develop the financial market and increase the level of stability of the financial system. The concept of spatial zoning is linked to the potential for economic growth in specific regions of the Russian Federation through the augmentation of tax income from companies registered as IPJSC, particularly through the utilization of multiple voting shares. The block of technological reasons is associated with the development of a competitive economy, high-tech production and a decrease in the level of dependence on high-tech imports. The author's decomposition supported the idea that multiple voting shares can contribute to financial stability by reducing stock volatility in the corporate sector of the Russian market.

Russia, which has significant potential to increase the absorption capacity of ecosystems, capable of providing it with the status of a global climate donor, currently does not use such a mitigation tool as forest climate projects effectively enough. The reasons for this are the immaturity of the domestic regulatory framework and the mechanism of state support for forest climate projects, as well as the low activity of Russian companies in the national and international voluntary carbon markets. The article considers estimates of greenhouse gas emissions and absorption in Russia and the world. The work defines the role of forestry in achieving the key long-term goal of the national climate policy - achieving a balance between anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and their absorption by 2060. The authors disclose the content of forest climate projects, show their importance for the socio-ecological-economic system of the regions and substantiate the need to provide state support to priority projects. The article proposes an approach to the assessment and selection of forest climate projects for state support in the regions.

The main source of financial support for the budgets of the country’s regions is the federal budget, which for the coming three years has become even more voluminous, ambitious and ambitious in solving the tasks set. It is projected to grow by 4 trillion in its revenue, it is planned to provide financial resources for new national projects that will be launched next year and significant funds are provided for their implementation - this is more than 40 trillion rubles in the six-year horizon. Federal funding has been almost doubled compared to existing national projects. The issue of balancing regional budgets and the development of inter-budgetary relations also remains in the focus of attention of the federal government. In order to ensure transparency and convenience of work, indicators characterizing the volume of budget allocations allocated for the provision of all types of inter-budgetary transfers are allocated in a separate appendix to the law on the federal budget. In total, about 222 interbudget transfers will be distributed in 2025, including 8 grants, 168 subsidies, 32 subventions, 14 other interbudget transfers. In subsequent years, 202 and 201 interbudget transfers, respectively, including 8 grants annually, 152 and 151 subsidies respectively, 33 subventions and 9 other interbudget transfers annually. The article considers the main types and volumes of inter-budgetary transfers to the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation for 2025–2027, and concludes on the sufficiency and effectiveness of financial support provided for the sustainability of regional budgets and the achievement of the goal of reducing regional differentiation.

Support for small, medium-sized enterprises and self-employed is an essential tool of the state policy of countering crisis phenomena, ensuring socio-economic development. The article discusses the results of the impact of the accelerated expansion of the system of state support for small, medium-sized enterprises and self-employed in Russia in recent years under emergency conditions on the dynamics of the development of their constituent groups: small, medium, individual entrepreneurship, as well as the self-employed. The latter are officially, by law - not entrepreneurs. But they, their numbers, are usually considered in official Russian documents, including statistical materials, as a common whole with small and medium-sized enterprises. The object of the study is both these groups (small and medium-sized enterprises plus self-employed) and the system of their support in its current form. The accelerated growth of employment in the group of small and medium entrepreneurship, in the group of self-employed people observed in our country is due to significant improvements in the system of their state support. The breakthrough in the formation and expansion of this system of support is due to the increased attention of the state to these spheres as effective means of counteracting crisis processes, damping economic and social failures. This increased attention is due to the extremely difficult situation in the economy of the country and its regions. It is noteworthy that the system of state support for small and medium-sized enterprises, as well as the self-employed, takes into account the specifics of each of the country's regional economies.