Scientific and Technological Priorities in the Federal Spatial Development Policy in Russia
https://doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2022-4-5-20
Abstract
The need to activate and increase the effectiveness of science and technology policy in the modern conditions of the development of the Russian economy requires, among other things, the definition of spatial priorities of such a policy. It is proposed to assess the spatial component in the federal science and technology policy according to its compliance with such requirements as the widest possible coverage of territories with potential for scientific and technological development by federal support, the correctness of the assessment of such potential, the presence of a well-built system of support tools and compliance of higher education with the needs of scientific and technological development. It is shown that there are unresolved problems in each of these areas, including those related to the shortcomings of official statistics (there is no information on the actual number of researchers in the equivalent of full employment, on the structure of university students), with the disunity of measures to support scientific and technological development of territories (technological special economic zones, science cities, techno-parks in the field of high technologies, state scientific, innovative scientific-technological and scientific-educational centers), in some cases, insufficient elaboration of such measures. As a result, the geography of federal support for scientific and technological development develops spontaneously, spatial priorities of such a policy are not defined, the location of federal and national research universities does not always correspond to the location of research centers. The article suggests ways to solve these problems, including the development of a spatial strategy for scientific and technological development and embedding it into a new strategy for the spatial development of the country.
About the Author
О. V. Kuznetsova
Federal State Budgetary Institute of Higher Education Plekhanov Russian University of Economics;
Federal Research Center “Informatics and Management” RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Kuznetsova Olga V. – Dr. Sc. (Econ.), Professor, RAS Professor, Chief Researcher, Head of the Scientific Laboratory “Regional Policy And Regional Investment Processes”; Federal State Budgetary Institute of Higher Education Plekhanov Russian University of Economics; Chief Researcher; Federal Research Center “Informatics and Management” RAS
36, Stremyanny Lane, Moscow, 117997
44-2, Vavilova Str., Moscow, 119333
References
1. Audretsch D.B. The Innovative Advantage of US Cities, European Planning Studies, 2002, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 165–176.
2. Carlino G.A. Knowledge spillovers: Cities’ Role in the New Economy, Business review (Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia), 2001, Q4, pp. 17–26.
3. Belderbos R., Du S., Somers D. Global Cities as Innovation Hubs: The Location of R&D Investments by Multinational Firms. Academy of Management Annual Meeting Proceedings, 2016, No. 1.
4. Castellani D., Lavoratori K. Location of R&D Abroad – An Analysis on Global Cities, Relocation of Economic Activity, edition by Capik P., Dej M. Springer, 2019, pp. 145–162.
5. Crescenzi R. R&D, Innovative Collaborations and the Role of Public Policies, The Economics of Big Science. Essays by Leading Scientists and Policymakers, edition by Beck H.P., Charitos P. Springer, 2021, pp. 99–104.
6. Bilbao-Osorio B., Rodríguez-Pose A. From R&D to Innovation and Economic Growth in the EU, Growth and Change, 2004, Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 434–455.
7. Min S., Kim J., Sawng Y.-W. The Effect of Innovation Network Size and Public R&D Investment on Regional Innovation Efficiency, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2020, Vol. 155. Iss. C.
8. Rodríguez-Pose A. Is R&D Investment in Lagging Areas of Europe Worthwhile? Theory and Empirical Evidence, Papers in Regional Studies, 2001, Vol. 80, No. 3, pp. 275–295.
9. Kuznetsova O.V. Metodicheskie podkhody k otsenke nauchnoi aktivnosti regionov [Methodological Approaches to Assessing the Scientific Activity of Regions], Federalizm [Federalism], 2022, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 51–65. (In Russ.).
10. Brumshtein Iu.M., Zakharian M.Iu. Raspredelenie uchenykh po naselennym punktam i regionam Rossii: sravnenie svedenii ofitsial’noi statistiki i dannykh o publikatsionnoi aktivnosti [Distribution of Scientists by Settlements and Regions of Russia: Comparison of Official Statistics and Data on Publication Activity], Naukovedenie [Naukovedenie], 2017, Vol. 9, No. 4. (In Russ.).
11. Prostranstvennaia organizatsiia vysshei shkoly i regional’noe razvitie [Spatial Organization of Higher Education and Regional Development], edition by A.P. Katrovskoi, S.P. Evdokimov, T.I. Ias’kova. Smolensk, Izd-vo Smolenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2022, 311 p. (In Russ.).
12. Lenchuk E.B. Formirovanie innovatsionnoi infrastruktury v rossiiskikh regionakh [Formation of Innovation Infrastructure in Russian Regions], Vestnik Instituta ekonomiki Rossiiskoi akademii nauk [Bulletin of the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences], 2013, No. 5, pp. 76–91. (In Russ.).
13. Gusev A.B. Naukogrady: zabytyi zhanr ili renessans? [Science Cities: Forgotten Genre or Renaissance?], Nauka. Innovatsii. Obrazovanie [The Science. Innovation. Education], 2015, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 42–60. (In Russ.).
14. Agirrechu A.A. Naukogrady Rossii: istoriia formirovaniia i razvitiia [Science Cities of Russia: History of Formation and Development]. Moscow, Izd-vo Moskovskogo universiteta, 2009, 192 p. (In Russ.).
15. Ivanov V.V., Matirko V.I. Naukogrady Rossii: ot metodologii k praktike [Science Cities of Russia: from Methodology to Practice]. Moscow, 2011, 142 p. (In Russ.).
16. Kuznetsova O.V. Osobye ekonomicheskie zony: effektivny ili net? [Special Economic Zones: Effective or Not?], Prostranstvennaia ekonomika [Spatial Economics], 2016, No. 4, pp. 129–152. (In Russ.).
Review
For citations:
Kuznetsova О.V. Scientific and Technological Priorities in the Federal Spatial Development Policy in Russia. Federalism. 2022;27(4):5-20. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2022-4-5-20
Views:
448
Email this article 