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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">federalizm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Федерализм</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Federalism</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-1051</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Plekhanov Russian University of Economics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21686/2073-1051-2016-4-149-160</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">federalizm-750</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БЮДЖЕТНЫЙ ФЕДЕРАЛИЗМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FISCAL FEDERALISM</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Бюджетно-налоговая политика в условиях внешних шоков: сравнительный анализ развитых стран и России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE NATURE OF BUDGET AND FISCAL POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF EXTERNAL SHOCKS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DEVELOPED COUNTRIES AND RUSSIA</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Букина</surname><given-names>Ирина Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bukina</surname><given-names>Irina S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">bis.email@gmail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт экономики РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Economics, RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>149</fpage><lpage>160</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Букина И.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Букина И.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bukina I.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://federalizm.rea.ru/jour/article/view/750">https://federalizm.rea.ru/jour/article/view/750</self-uri><abstract><p>Бюджетно-налоговая политика в условиях циклических колебаний ВВП, вызванных внешними шоками, подвергается влиянию этих шоков и в свою очередь может воздействовать на внутреннюю экономику. Характер бюджетно-налоговой политики, согласно теоретическим разработкам, определяется соотношением разрыва выпуска и структурного сальдо консолидированного бюджета. В статье проводится сравнительный анализ этих показателей в развитых странах и в России. На основе кластерного анализа дается характеристика проводимой развитыми странами бюджетно-налоговой политики в периоды до и после кризисов 1997 г. и 2007-2008 гг. Показано, что по формальному критерию страны в основном осуществляли стимулирующую бюджетно-налоговую политику как до кризиса 2007-2008 гг., так и после него. Страны, столкнувшиеся с проблемой чрезмерного наращивания государственного долга, регулярно допускали большой структурный д ефицит бюд ж ет а, нес м о тр я на п ер ио ды « пе р е грева » эконо мики . В ст атье также делается вывод о преимущественно пассивном характере фискальной политики в России с 1997 г. по настоящее время в сравнении с отдельными развитыми странами. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Fiscal and budget policy in the conditions of cyclic GDP fluctuations, caused by external shocks and as well affected by these shocks, can in turn affect the domestic economy. The nature of fiscal and budget policy according to theoretical developments is determined by the ratio of output gap and the structural balance of the budget. The article presents a comparative analysis of these indicators in the developed countries and Russia. On the basis of cluster analysis the author describes fiscal and budget policy, pursued by the developed countries within the periods before and after the crises of 1997 and 2007-2008. The paper shows that according to the formal criterion these countries mainly carried out stimulating fiscal policy before the crisis of 2007-2008 and after it. Countries, which faced the problem of excessive public debt, regularly allowed large structural budget deficit, despite the periods of «overheating» of the economy. The paper also concludes about primarily passive nature of fiscal policy in Russia from 1997 to the present time in comparison with some developed countries.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бюд же т но -на лог ова я пол и ти ка</kwd><kwd>деловые ци к л ы</kwd><kwd>к лас-терный анализ</kwd><kwd>структурный дефицит</kwd><kwd>business cycles</kwd><kwd>cluster analysis</kwd><kwd>fiscal and budget policy</kwd><kwd>structural deficit</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">См., напр.: Gali J. 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